This product uses two indicator ions as "probes". Having difference in the orbital hybridization effect between two indicator ions on the nano-micron particles surface, the interaction energy between indicator ions and the particle surface is different on indicator ion type. And then, the difference is detected by the ion sensor and processed under our algorithm. As a result, the five parameters is carried out.

The principle we applied guaranteed that our instrument can measure the potential of the particle surface. The principle is based on the difference in binding energy between the two indicator ions and the surface atoms, thus the potential we measured must be the surface potential.

The principle of Zeta potential defined zeta potential cannot be a surface potential. Because zeta potential is based on the determination of the velocity of charged particles in water medium under the electric field and use this velocity value to reckon out zeta potential through Smoluchowski equation. Since when charged particles exist in water medium, it will form a complex which is particle and a cover membrane which is around 5-water-molecule-thick water membrane and the whole complex will move together while the potential value from using Smoluchowski equation is the potential on the interface between "water membrane around particles" and "medium water" rather than the potential on the surface of "particles". The interface between "water membrane around particles" and "water medium" is called "shear plane" or "sliding plane". In this way, the zeta potential is also called as the potential on the shear plane or sliding plane. According to the double layer theory, the potential decreases sharply with the increase of the distance from the particle surface. As a result the potential on the "shear plane" generally only 1/2 to 1/5 of the surface potential.

As a fact, by using our algorithm, the potential measured is indeed 2-5 times larger than the zeta potential. Individual case will depend on the electrolyte composition of the solution and the bonding strength from the particles to water molecules.

No matter what kind of charged particles, the surface potential of particles must be known first for the quantitative calculation of electrostatic interaction energy among them.

Electrostatic interactions between charged particles involve a wide range of scientific and technical fields, from "biological processes in enzyme-catalyzed reactions which is dominated by electrostatic interactions between proteins" to "soil erosion processes in natural condition which is led by electrostatic interactions between soil particles", etc. electrostatic effects are everywhere. Therefore, obtaining the surface potential of charged particles is the prerequisite to carry out relevant quantitative researches.

Since zeta potential only have qualitative meaning, we cannot use zeta potential to carry out quantitative research. Due to the absence of method to determine surface potential for a long time, surface potential is critical but has not been applied widely for now. This situation make relevant quantitative researches cannot carry out. It can be predicted, with the emergence of surface potential measurement technology, that will be possible to quantitatively study the electrostatic interactions between all charged particles (such as proteins, cell membranes or lipid bilayer vesicles, various polymer materials, various artificial and natural nanoparticles, etc.). This electrostatic interaction is the basis for the formation of the structure, properties and functions of almost all charged nano-micron materials (biomass and non-biomass). The appearance of surface potential measurement technology will certainly promote the scientific research and technical progress in many fields which has a very wide application prospect as well. Therefore, from the perspective of the future needs of scientific and technological development, only zeta potential is far from enough.

Once the surface potential is obtained, the potential at any spot near particle surface can be calculated, not even to mention the potential at the "shear plane". AKA Zeta potential.

Among the five parameters, the specific surface area of non-expandable substances can be determined by gas adsorption (BET) instrument, and the results from our method and BET method should be close in theory. For expansive substances, such as montmorillonite minerals, the specific surface area can be calculated theoretically according to its crystal structure, and our experimental result can be compared with the theoretical calculation. As a contrast, the BET method test result of such substances is not comparable with theoretical value. This due to the disability of BET on determination of the internal surface area whose result will be greatly lower. There is also a verification method for our instrument. The amount of charge calculated theoretically should be close to with the cation adsorption value measured in our test, and if those two values are approximately equal, the reliability of the measurement results would be certified.

The method used in this instrument has been successfully applied in many areas for more than ten years (the obtained parameters can be used as explanation for the experimental phenomena in those studies), and the "successful application" is an important way to test its reliability. As same as the routine that BET test has been experienced.

The surface of electrochemical property play an important role in the research of surface adsorption, interface reaction and surface modification of materials, which has brought great promotion to many application areas, such as the biomaterial preparation in the medical field, the drug adsorption research, the pollution control and treatment in the environmental field, the preparation of high efficient catalysts in the energy field, the research of material properties and modification in material science, and the development of new materials. For example, the catalytic performance of catalytic materials, bioactivity of biological materials, adsorption performance of minerals/organic matter, formation stability of soil aggregates, soil erosion and non-point source pollution of farmland are all related to these parameters.

Compare the surface charge and specific surface area of non-expandable substances. such as the catalytic material titanium oxide that the test results under the gas phase condition are approximately equal to that under the liquid phase condition, so it can be used as a reference substance for verification;

Within a certain error range, sδ0≈NNa++2NCa2+ is approximately valid;

At a given PH, check the alignment of the specific surface area, surface charge density and total charge under different Na+/Ca2+ concentration combinations.

The parameters we measured are related with chemistry, materials science, colloid and interface science, nanotechnology, life science, soil science, ecology, environmental science and engineering, chemical engineering and many other areas, And can be applied in paper making, concrete production, ceramics production, chemical mechanical grinding, coal pulp, paint, cosmetics, flotation mineral enrichment, food industry, latex, microemulsion, complex dispersion system, paint, imaging materials and many other industries.

Technical originality, the first time to achieve measurement of surface charge density and surface electric field strength on a variety of nano-micron materials.

Universality of application, can be used for most nano-micron particle surface determination; Not only for a mono-component sample system but also complex multi-component sample system; Is able to test sample under different conditions (pH, electrolyte type, concentration and temperature), the sample determination is carried out under liquid phase.

Ease of operation, semi-automatic/automatic two mode options, reduce manual error; User-friendly software interface, simplified operation, clear instructions; Automated data processing, storage and report generation.

Our instrument is able to detect nanoscale surface properties determination with differentelectrical properties, different systems and different measuring conditions. Including inorganic materials, organic materials and biological materials. For Inorganic materials, such as montmorillonite, kaolinite, titanium oxide and other inorganic minerals.

To organic materials, for instance, humus, microplastics, proteins and other organic materials, biological materials.

To more complex composition, such as organic inorganic complex, various soil samples will be typical examples.